Sarah Brown has described the death of her premature baby daughter as "the greatest loss". Jennifer died in January 2002, 10 days after she was born at 33 weeks, seven weeks premature.
Mrs Brown and her husband, former prime minister Gordon Brown, set up the Jennifer Brown Research Laboratory in 2004. The laboratory, at the University of Edinburgh, is working to improve understanding of what causes early labour and how to develop treatments to prevent it.
Mrs Brown told BBC Scotland: "For Gordon and I, losing Jennifer was the greatest loss and it's one that stays with us. That doesn't change."
She added: "What I realised was that there was more we needed to understand, that I didn't have answers for what had happened and so many other families didn't either."
The laboratory has been drawing on data from the Edinburgh Birth Cohort research programme which was launched at the facility in 2015.
The study is tracking the development of 400 people as they grow into adulthood and aims to provide insights into the long-term effects of early labour on the developing brain.
Mrs Brown, chairwoman of the Theirworld children's charity which she founded in 2002, said the study has shown the "stark realities" of the impact of poverty, which researchers have found has an impact on brain development.
She hopes the research will help other families in the future.
Mrs Brown said: "I would go back to the beginning and have it all change and not end the way it did for me, but I know that what it's done has opened up other horizons.
"I would love to think that other families can avoid that loss, or if they have a baby that's born prematurely and more vulnerable, or coming out of circumstances that are much more precarious, that there'll be a better way to track that future and to open it up and to be able to be much more predictive about what we can do."